1962

for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium

for their studies of the structures of globular proteins

for their studies of the structures of globular proteins

for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material

for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material

for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material

for his realistic and imaginative writings, combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception

for his fight against the nuclear arms race between East and West