1961

for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons

for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name

for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants

for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea

for the epic force with which he has traced themes and depicted human destinies drawn from the history of his country

for developing the UN into an effective and constructive international organization, capable of giving life to the principles and aims expressed in the UN Charter