1954

for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction

for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith

for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances

for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue

for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue

for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue

for his mastery of the art of narrative, most recently demonstrated in <I>The Old Man and the Sea,</I> and for the influence that he has exerted on contemporary style

for its efforts to heal the wounds of war by providing help and protection to refugees all over the world