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1964

1965 →

Физика

США

for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle

Россия

for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle

Австралия

for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle

Химия

Египет

for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances

Медицина

Польша

for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism

Германия

for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism

Литература

Франция

for his work which, rich in ideas and filled with the spirit of freedom and the quest for truth, has exerted a far-reaching influence on our age

Мир

США

for his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population